iea emissions factors 2021 pdf

iea emissions factors 2021 pdf

October 21, 2021; EIA projects that energy-related carbon dioxide emissions will rise over the next 30 years; October 20, 2021; EIA projects non-OECD Asia to become the largest importers of natural gas by 2050; October 15, 2021; Renewables will account for most global generation increases, but coal use remains high; October 7, 2021 Factors provided by the International Energy Agency (IEA). There are several factors which can help explain the overall CO 2 emissions level in a country: the size of its population, its energy mix, its GDP etc. (Sheet CO2 KWH ELE & HEAT) CO 2 IPCC Emissions Factor Database. 138 Carbon coefficients from EIA were used wherever possible. Emission factors are used to calculate GHG emissions by multiplying the factor (e.g. Emission factor quantification methods are frequently refined. The following two sub-sections explain in detail how we determined EF WTT and EF TTW. This approach is followed in this EMISSION FACTORS: DATABASE DOCUMENTATION (2020 edition) - 5 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY 1. Table 2. Data for 2020 are based on the official mini-questionnaire submissions of countries. By Paul Homewood CO2 emissions still growing, say IEA: Global CO 2 emissions from energy combustion and industrial processes1 rebounded in 2021 to reach their highest ever annual level. These emission conversion factors are for use by UK and international organisations to report on 2021 greenhouse gas emissions. cic emission factors and for specic processes. Last Modified: 01 April 2021 Table 2 Mobile Combustion CO2 Fuel Type kg CO2 per unit Unit Aviation Gasoline 8.31 gallon Biodiesel (100%) 9.45 gallon Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) 0.05444 scf Diesel Fuel 10.21 gallon World files (updated July 2021) EleHeatBal.IVT World, Electricity and Heat Supply and Consumption (GWh, TJ) Reduced electricity and heat balance (148 countries + 22 aggregates; 8 flows). Source: IEA (2020), Emission Factors; Source: IEA (2019), Global Energy & CO2 Status Report 2019; 2019 Scope 2 emissions data is adjusted as a result of and corporate travel by the end of 2021. This is now the key factor determining the time plan for full-scale deployment of the CCS project at Fortum, which according to the original time plan is due to come online in 2024. The Emission Factor Database (EFDB) is a continuously revised web-based information exchange forum for emission factors and other parameters relevant for the estimation of emissions or removals of greenhouse gases at national level. October 21, 2021; EIA projects that energy-related carbon dioxide emissions will rise over the next 30 years; October 20, 2021; EIA projects non-OECD Asia to become the largest importers of natural gas by 2050; October 15, 2021; Renewables will account for most global generation increases, but coal use remains high; October 7, 2021 Search, filter and download the IEAs library of charts and figures, spanning the full range of IEA analysis Licensing. The China-specific heat generation emission factor is 0.11 tCO 2 /GJ, recommended by China Carbon Trading Market (Yitanjia, 2014). to the International Energy Agencys (IEA) Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE), as published in the 2021 World Energy Outlook. The Emissions Gap Report 2021: The Heat Is On is the 12th edition in an annual series that provides an overview of the difference between where greenhouse emissions are predicted to Annual Report 2021 (PDF, 13 MB) Factsheet FY/21 (PDF, 585 KB) Contact. per year (EDL, 2018) and 0.5595 tCO2/MWh emission factor of the Lao grid (UNFCCC, 2019), about 13,000 ktCO2e/y emission were abated in this sector through the displacement of electricity that would otherwise be supplied to the grid by more GHG-intensive means. Generation This is the emissions factor for the fuels burned to provide you with the energy that you have directly used. (7.1) and (7.2) may be derived from the CO and NO x emission factors for industrial flaring. 20/05/2022. Approximately 98% of global hydrogen production is emissions intense, emitting around 830Mtpa of CO 2 (IEA 2019; Global CCS Institute 2020). Well-to-tank emission factors for each pollutant (EF WTT) and associated carbon dioxide equivalent factors (CEF WTT). The Emission Factor Database (EFDB) is a project supported by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme (NGGIP), which is managed by the IPCC Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (TFI). The IEO2021 resilient under all the International Energy Agencys World Energy Outlook 2018 scenarios. + heat gen. Morocco and Portugal agreement on green hydrogen development Decree n. 2-17-746 on Mandatory energy audits and energy audit organisations Decree n. 2-18-165 on mandatory energy audits Table 12: Fuel types and associated emissions factors used in the determination of FuelMixCO. In this workbook, emission factors are provided as applicable, for each of the following greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide methane data from Eurostat and IEA. The cross-sectional dependence using the CD and langrage multiplier (LM) Generally the use of a tier 2 approach requires: data on the amount of the fuel combusted and a country specific emission factor for each fuel. As expected, the emissions forecasts are qualitatively similar to the consumption forecasts as the former are a scaled version of the latter, weighted by the above emission factors. These profiles have been produced to provide an overview of developments in renewable energy in different countries and areas. Fuel typea Engine type 1 As per current Task 12 LCA methodology (IEA-PVPS T12-18:2020). The factors are described below: CO 2 emission factors for electricity and heat generation for world countries (in CO 2 per kWh, 1990 to 2019). There are several factors which can help explain the overall CO 2 emissions level in a country: the size of its population, its energy mix, its GDP etc. card product data. 1. Climate Change 2021 Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. An example of the application of Eqs. Although unmatched in modern peacetime, the rate of decline in carbon emissions last year is similar to what the world needs to average each year for the next 30 years to be on track to meet the 4 IEA Bioenergy Webinar Series 06.05.2021 Objectives & Approach For firewood and pellet stoves the testing concepts shall become more real-life relevant. 1. This includes emissions from natural sources (around 40% of emissions), and those originating from human activity (the remaining 60% known as anthropogenic emissions). WEO-2021 data This year, the full World Energy Outlook report (PDF) is provided free of charge. CO emissions The additional coverage includes: (a) Non-CO 2 emissions alone constituted 77.5 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions from all sources on a CO 2-equivalent basis, while the non-CO 2 emissions from energy-related activities represented a much smaller portion of total national emissions (4.7 percent collectively). Contact matthew.brander@ecometrica.co.uk . Standard Chartered Bank Carbon Emission Criteria 2021 Emission Source Factor Reference Natural Gas 2.02135Kg of CO 2 e / m3 DBEIS 2021 Liquefied Petroleum Gas 6.67 kWh/litre 1.55709 Kg of CO 2 e / litre Diesel Fuel Oil 10.6 kWh/litre 2.70553 Kg of CO 2 e / litre Purchased Electricity (UK) 0.2104 CO 2 e kg / kWh IEA Emissions Factors 2021 edition While 2020 saw roughly a 6 percent decrease in global CO2 emissions, the IEA projects that 2021 will see a rebound to 2019 levels or above. Typically, greenhouse gas emissions are reported in units of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO. 2. e). fossil fuel generation occurs, an average fossil fuel emission factor has been used to calculate the avoided emissions. A 6% increase from 2020 pushed emissions to 36.3 gigatonnes (Gt), an estimate based on the IEAs detailed region-by-region and fuel-by-fuel analysis, drawing on the latest The components of energy (electricity, fuel, etc.) ipcc-efdb@iges.or.jp. Flow Countries See notes in Table A-232 for more specific source information. The fall in carbon emissions from energy use was equally striking, with emissions falling by over 6% in 2020 again, the largest decline since 1945. Each year, we update the default emission factors associated with our program because: 1. 2021 Grid Electricity Emissions Factors v0.1 January 2022 www.carbonfootprint.com 2 Key terms Dual reporting Reporting both location-based and market-based emissions. Sluggish demand for transport oil is mitigating the rebound in emissions. ZIP. A report by the International Energy Agency. Emissions Factors 2021. The figures are expressed in thousand tonnes of oil equivalent (ktoe) and in terajoules. The Climate Registry (TCR) is pleased to present its 2021 default emission factors. The World Energy Statistics online data service contains key energy statistics for 155 countries and 35 regional aggregates. In this respect, the detailed CO 2 emissions indicators maps on the IEA Energy Atlas are very informative. Emissions Factors 2021 - light version. emissions dataset has always been as one component of the Global Carbon Budget, the balancing source and sink components of carbon dioxide. Data for 2020 are based on the official mini-questionnaire submissions of countries. 4 IEA Bioenergy Webinar Series 06.05.2021 Objectives & Approach For firewood and pellet stoves the testing concepts shall become more real-life relevant. O, and emission factors for T&D losses and for consumed electricity. Climate Change 2021 proportion (globally about 56% per year) of CO 2 emissions from human activities over the past six decades, with regional differences (high confidence).7 {2.2, 5.2, 7.3, TS.2.2, Box TS.5} 5 SPM See the IEA's methane tacker, panel "Methane and climate change". All CO 2 emission factors presented are based upon Net Calorific Values. Investment in energy technology (energy innovation) and its impact on emissions has been the subject of many studies and there is a vast literature on energy innovation in reducing CO 2 emissions in the fight against global warming (Koak and Ulucak 2019; Bilgili et al. The World Energy Balances online data service contains energy balances for 190 countries and regional aggregates. The document includes updated emission factors collated from both EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program and the Center's technical guidance. * Direct emissions excluding the life cycle analysis of generating plant and fuel. Gases are converted to CO. 2. e by multiplying by their global warming potential (GWP). Download. kg CO 2 /GJ energy in petrol) with activity data (e.g. 2. Red text indicates an update Emission Factors for Greenhouse Gas Inventories from the 2020 version of this document. (Note: In April 2015, the EPA released updated emission factors for flares, but the updated NO x emission factor may be too high for February 2021 7 1. Biofuels are considered as not emitting CO 2, consistent with the practice of the IEA. based on linearization and/or linear regression due to factors such as a poor under-standing or lack of data), and it may not fully capture the complexity of a given emission process. IGES contains marginal grid emission factors which take into account both existing electricity sources on the operating margin as well as future planned sources on the build margin. that EVs could increase emissions in some regions of the U.S. depending on the electricity mix and other assumptions). Table 2 explains the effect of empirical distribution tests for the CO 2 emissions, renewables and waste, environmental sustainability, socio-economic sustainability, and economic growth of IEA member countries. Results can be adjusted by assuming a linear relationship with the degradation rate dependent yield. With the objective to increase the scope of greenhouse gas emissions estimations, the IEA has covered in the 2021 edition the broad set of energy-related emissions, accounting for bulk of the category 1 of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for GHG inventories. The additional coverage includes: Tier 2 emission factor standards require an intermediate level of complexity and locally specificdata. (May 25, 2021). The IEO2021 side cases represent alternative assumptions about macroeconomic growth and crude oil prices. Emission Factor Database. The Emissions Factors Toolkit (EFT) is published by Defra and the Devolved Administrations to assist local authorities in carrying out Review and Assessment of local air quality as part of their duties under the Environmental Act 1995. PDF. 1 IEA association countries at the time of this publication are: Brazil, Peoples Republic of China, India, Indonesia, Morocco, Singapore, South Africa, and Thailand. Table 1. variables and the emission intensities projected by the WEM.13 9. emissions from fossil fuel consumption was converting from units . Travel Scope 3 For travel, emissions are calculated using 2021 factors provided by the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS). ZIP. The International Energy Agency (IEA) and UIC are working together to create synergies by gathering information for databases focusing on the railway sector in order to support the IEAs development framework for energy-related transport trends. This edition includes annual data for 203 countries and 42 regional Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. Key World Energy Statistics 2021 - Analysis and key findings. Despite an expected annual increase of 6.2% in 2021, global oil demand is set to remain around 3% The International Energy Agency works with countries around the world to shape energy policies for a secure and sustainable future. Unoxidised carbon is taken into account in the IPCC methodology by a separate correction factor. Free. Low emission production methods for hydrogen The fall in carbon emissions from energy use was equally striking, with emissions falling by over 6% in 2020 again, the largest decline since 1945. Fuel typea Engine type to the International Energy Agencys (IEA) Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE), as published in the 2021 World Energy Outlook. With the objective to increase the scope of greenhouse gas emissions estimations, the IEA has covered in the 2021 edition the broad set of energy-related greenhouse gases accounting for bulk of the category 1 of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for GHG inventories, for years between 1971 and 2019. For a degradation rate of 0.5%pa simply multiply results by a factor of 0.968; while for a degradation rate of 0.9%pa multiply results by a factor of 1.053. Fuel typea Engine type The 6.9% increase in CO 2 emissions from the electricity and heat sectors in 2021 was driven by the biggest ever year-on-year increase in global electricity However, some data have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat. Generation This is the emissions factor for the fuels burned to provide you with the energy that you have directly used. A distinction can be made between three different emission factors for grid electricity: generated; T&D losses; and consumed. This excel file includes 10 sheets with a set of carbon emission factors for electricity and electricity/heat generation. data from Eurostat and IEA. PDF, 1.56 MB, 132 pages. IEA, The Role of Gas in Todays Energy Transitions, 2019. The following two sub-sections explain in detail how we determined EF WTT and EF TTW. In accordance with the International Energy Agencys (IEA) terms agreed with the Anthesis Group, all users (including third-party consultants) of the methodologies within this White Paper may use IEA factors published therein They may also derive Because EIA did not provide coefficients for coal, the IPCC-recommended emission factors were used in the top-down calculations for these fuels. Released: November 2021 (PDF, 2.7MB, 44 pages) Details. To search for an emissions factor, enter a search word into the box and press the Search button. PDF ISBN 978-92-79-71479-5 ISSN 1831-9424 doi:10.2760/290197 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 (IEA, 2016). Library of emission factors and other parameters with background documentation or technical references. 2021 Grid Electricity Emissions Factors v1.1 March 2022 www.carbonfootprint.com 2 Key terms Dual reporting Reporting both location-based and market-based emissions. We have been guided by PCAF, NZBA, the GHG Protocol, and the Task Force for Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) in tailoring our approach to setting and disclosing our interim financed emissions targets. The 6% increase in CO 2 emissions in 2021 was in line with the jump in global economic output of 5.9%. Therefore, the objectives are Comparing existing testing protocols worldwide Evaluating the real-life use of firewood and pellet stoves & identification of most relevant parameters for emission and efficiency XLSB. similar measure. The EU Innovation Fund will decide in Q4 2021 if FOV receives 14The grid factors for most countries are based on the IEAs energy statistics. 16/09/2021. 2021; Udemba et al. 2021 | 70th edition CO 2 Carbon 15 Carbon dioxide emissions. At the time of writing (April 2021), it is uncertain if this additional funding will be secured. CO 2 emissions in 2021 rose to around 180 megatonnes (Mt) above the pre-pandemic level of 2019. Middle East Saudi Arabia 0.7176 Climate Transparency (2018 Report) 2017 Emissions intensity of the power sector Turkey 0.5434 Climate Transparency (2018 Report) 2017 Emissions intensity of the power sector United Arab Emirates 0.4333 default emission factor (for example, provided by the IPCC). Emissions were calculated using IEA energy databases and the default methods and emission factors from the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. 2. 2. factor.. 38 Table 13: Heat/Steam CO. 2. emission factor for DUKES 1/3 2/3 method.. 39 Table 14: Related worksheets to passenger land transport emission factors..42 Table 15: Average CO. 2 International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that less than 0.4% of hydrogen is produced by the electrolysis of water powered by renewable electricity. World files (updated July 2021) EleHeatBal.IVT World, Electricity and Heat Supply and Consumption (GWh, TJ) Reduced electricity and heat balance (148 countries + 22 aggregates; 8 flows). A 6% increase from 2020 pushed emissions to 36.3 gigatonnes (Gt), an estimate based on the IEAs detailed region-by-region and fuel-by-fuel analysis, drawing on the latest official national data and publicly available energy, economic and weather data. countries will share such information with IEA, to be added in future editions. Name of source. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Summary text. kilolitres energy density of petrol used). The IEAs projections for 2021 show emissions are likely to end this year still down slightly on 2019 levels, but on a rising path. 10. The amount is equivalent to 26% of total national emissions in year 2000 (50,742 ktCO2e). EFDB is intended to be a recognized library, where users can find emission factors and other parameters with background documentation or technical 2021 Grid Electricity Emissions Factors v1.1 March 2022 www.carbonfootprint.com 2 Key terms Dual reporting Reporting both location-based and market-based emissions. IEA, The Role of Gas in Todays Energy Transitions, 2019. The emission factors presented assume complete oxidation of carbon in the fuel during combustion. Cp Statistical Review of World Energy 2021 15 CO 2 Carbon Uzbekistan 104.6 109.6 109.7 113.9 116.7 110.7 105.8 105.0 111.3 110.7 108.2-2.5% 0.4% 0.3%..2 Emissions. Table 1. Achieve net-zero emissions across our entire value chain in accordance with SBTi criteria. 2021).The idea of increasing the investment in R&D is linked to Over-reliance on the conclusions of the H&J paper in policy considerations therefore is ill-advised and is in fact a risk to successful climate mitigation. Well-to-tank emission factors for each pollutant (EF WTT) and associated carbon dioxide equivalent factors (CEF WTT). Author: Zoe M Harris, Imperial College London & IEA Bioenergy Task 45 Editor: Olle Olsson, Stockholm Environment Institute & IEA Bioenergy Task 40 Title of publication Subtitle of publication Authors and / or acknowledgements here Edited by Contribution of IEA Bioenergy Task 45 to the IEA Bioenergy inter-task project Deployment of bio- Table 2. The rebound in 2021 more than reversed the pandemic-induced decline in emissions of 1.9 Gt experienced in 2020. Emissions were calculated using IEA energy databases and the default methods and emission factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. PDF. Coal Information TXT files. WHATS NEW Geographical coverage for the provisional year In the 2020 edition, further to OECD countries, provisional 2019 data for selected non-OECD countries are available. HVCs are used to make most of the world's plastics and the end-of-life emissions are dependent on how these plastics are disposed of after use. Emission factors are derived from the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) 2018 if available, or the International Energy Agency (IEA) 2013 if not. GDP/capita is obtained from the World Banks World Development Indicators (WDI) and the UN Database. Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. The conclusions of the H&J paper are driven by a combination of factors including low assumed rates of carbon Energy Efficiency Indicators December 2021 Edition Database documentation PAGE | 5. This viewer presents selected emission factors and abatement efficiencies included in the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019. 1 min read. Provider. 2. The country-specific electricity generation emission factors in scope 2 emission accounts were collected from the Definitive Emission Factor Database (Brander et al., 2021). In this respect, the detailed CO 2 emissions indicators maps on the IEA Energy Atlas are very informative. XLS. 2020) estimates near ipcc-efdb@iges.or.jp. Download as an Excel file: GHG Emission Factors Hub (xlsx) GHG Emission Factors Hub (pdf) (April 2022) ARCHIVED 2021 GHG Emission Factors Hub (pdf) (April 2021) Use of EPAs Emission Factors Hubs Waste Emission Factors vs. the Waste Reduction Model (WARM): Guidance for Organizations (pdf) (March 2020) ARCHIVED 2020 GHG Emission Emission factors published in 2019, based on 2018 national inventory which is based on 2016 data. 2021 edition of the Emission factors data package. This annual report presents data on the evolution of the emissions of CO2 from 1971 onwards for than 140 countries and regions by sector and by fuel. 7. For countries not represented in the IEA energy statistics, WDI or UN databases, research emissions alone constituted 77.5 percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions from all sources on a CO 2-equivalent basis, while the non-CO 2 emissions from energy-related activities represented a much smaller portion of total national emissions (4.7 percent collectively). Last modified 23 Nov 2020. We have been guided by PCAF, NZBA, the GHG Protocol, and the Task Force for Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) in tailoring our approach to setting and disclosing our interim financed emissions targets. 2 IEA accession countries at the time of this publication are: Chile and Lithuania. 2. National production emission factors, 3. Amri F (2018) Carbon dioxide emissions, total factor productivity, ICT, trade, International If you wish, you can also tick one or more categories to filter the search results to factors in those categories. Generation This is the emissions factor for the fuels burned to provide you with the energy that you have directly used. In general, the data are available from 1971 (1960 for OECD countries). OPEC and nonOPEC resources are adequate to meet demand levels in all five cases. These maps include total CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion, CO 2 per GDP, and per GDP PPP as well as CO 2 per TES To save space, the emission forecasts are reported in Fig. In all five of these cases, liquid fuels consumption is higher in 2050 than in 2020, reaching a high of 64% above 2020 levels in the High Economic Growth case. These maps include total CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion, CO 2 per GDP, and per GDP PPP as well as CO 2 per TES emissions than direct use of natural gas in the near-term and even less over time. 16/09/2021. Search emission factor database. The reported Scope 2 emissions decreased by 5% due to enhanced data reporting as well as lower emission factors provided by the IEA. The results show that all the variables have statistically normal distribution. Summing them together, Table 4 shows well-to-wake emission factors for each pollutant and CEF WTW. ZIP. Contact. However, under this approach, the exact emission savings of EVs depend on which specific EVs and ICEVs are compared.2 In this paper, we focus on the reduction of exhaust emissions from conventional cars as a Summing them together, Table 4 shows well-to-wake emission factors for each pollutant and CEF WTW. There are several factors which can help explain the overall CO 2 emissions level in a country: the size of its population, its energy mix, its GDP etc. Next year Download full-text PDF Read full-text. The Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Energy database (upgrade of the former CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion) contains for the first time in October 2021 global annual GHG emissions from energy and related indicators, including CO2, CH4, N20 emissions from fuel combustion and fugitive emissions. However, some data have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat. Further, the model used to build emission inventories based on activity statistics may be too simplied (e.g. With climate change intensifying and scientists warning that humanity is running out of time to limit global warming to 1.5C over pre-industrial levels, 2021 has been a fraught year for the planet. The data in this book are designed to assist in understanding the evolution of the emissions of CO2 from 1971 to 2014 for 150 countries and regions by sector and by fuel. Once you have found the factor you require, press the Add button to add it to your basket. 7. Although unmatched in modern peacetime, the rate of decline in carbon emissions last year is similar to what the world needs to average each year for the next 30 years to be on track to meet the The diagram below shows the emission factors used: Guarantees of Origin Emission Factor 2021 Hydropower from Iceland and Scandinavia The 'grey' electricity factor is used: 0.556 kg CO 2 /kWh All other GOs Green electricity produced by: Water, wind or sun: 0 kg CO 2 / kWh Biomass (unknown): 0.075 kg CO 2 / kWh Energy Efficiency Indicators. 2 These estimates depend (i) on the CO 2 equivalent factor taken to convert tonnes of methane in tonnes of CO 2 In the United States, emissions from coal-fired plants jumped by 17% in 2021 but nonetheless remained lower than in 2019. The increase was 16% in the European Union, but this was still significantly smaller than the 21% decline in 2020. The IRENA statistics team would welcome comments and feedback on its structure and content, which can The AP-42 values of these factors derived from EPA (1991) are 0.37 lbs of CO/MMBtu and 0.068 lbs of NO x /MMBtu. World Energy Outlook 2021 Free Dataset. 15/09/2021 Latest September 2021 Documentation Database documentation (2021 edition) pdf Data are provided in original units for the different types of coal, oil, natural gas, renewables and waste, as well as for electricity and heat. Database description The Energy efficiency indicators database is available in Excel format, B2020 format, and TXT format and includes annual data for the following countries: 30 IEA member countries; 28 countries beyond IEA including 3 association countries 139 Below the list of the added countries and the respective flows. change over time, and; 2. WEO-2021 Free Dataset including global data for all scenarios (SDS, APS, STEPS, NZE), selected data for key regions and countries for 2030 and 2050, and historical data for 2010, 2019, 2020. Carbon emissions from primary energy use are estimated by applying the Default CO 2 Emission Factors for Combustion to the consumption of each energy product type (coal, natural gas and various oil products) from the list of IPCC emission factors. Information is ordered by the respective Nomenclature For Reporting (NFR) source category code.
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